• SAP Sales and Distribution is one of key component of SAP ERP system and is used to manage shipping, billing, selling and transportation of products and services in an organization.
• SAP Sales and Distribution module is part of SAP Logistics module that manages customer relationship starting from raising a quotation to sales order and billing of the product or service.

This module is closely integrated with other modules like SAP Material Management and PP.

SAP SD handles all the processes of order to delivery. It executes the business processes used in selling, shipping, and billing of product and services.

• Inquiries & Quotes
• Sales Orders
• Sales Return
• Consignment
• Contract & Scheduling Agreements
• Credit & Debit Memo requests
• Rush Orders & Cash Sales
• Back Orders

The organizational structure in sales and distribution is.

• Sales Organization
• Distribution Channel
• Division
• Sales Office
• Sales Group

• Periodic: Full amount in each bill till contract period
• Milestone: Partial amount in each bill till full amount is billed 

Shipping point is determined by,
Shipping Conditions + Loading Group + Delivery Plant = Shipping Point.

To assign distribution to sales organization in SAP, you have to follow the path.

SPRO (SAP Project Reference Object) >IMG >Enterprise structure >Assignment > Sales and Distribution >
Assign distribution channel to sales organization.

The Sales Document types available in SAP are.

• Credit Memo Request
• Debit Memo Request
• Standard Order
• Returns, etc.

Configuration steps for SAP SD
IMG Menu Path: SPRO > IMG > Sales and Distribution > Sales > Sales Documents > Sales Document
Header > Define Sales Document Type.

The representation of certain aspects related to your daily pricing activities is referred as condition types.

The path for condition type for pricing is.

SAP IMG path: SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Sales and Distribution > Basic Functions > Pricing > Pricing
Control > Define Condition Types.

PGI or Post Good Issue is done to keep a record of available goods in stock after the goods are delivered.
Good issue transaction cannot be cancelled but can be reversed.

The transaction t-code for reverse PGI is VL09. Partial quantity reversal is not possible, in the delivery
document you cannot reverse the PGI for one item/ partial quantity

SAP Credit Memo (T-code VF01) is created on the basis of credit memo request (T-code: Va01). Credit
memo request is generated when you have to pay to the customer. (Excess bill or damages or change in
the price). 

SAP Return Order is carried out when customer returns any previously purchased products and requires
a credit or money back. While credit memo is when the customer is credited without returning any
goods.

In SAP SD, the process of copying data from the source document to the target document is done by Copy Controls. They consist of program referred as routing that determines how the system will transfer the data. Copy control could be useful for the end users who don’t want to repeat the control
parameters from order- to delivery- and then billing.

Copy control can be done in following manner:

• Sales document by sales document
• Billing document by sales document
• Sales document by delivery
• Sales document by billing document
• Delivery by billing document

At three levels of sales order copy controls are set up Header level, Item level and Schedule line level.

• VTAA: from sales order to sales order
• VTLA: from sales order to delivery
• VTAF: from the billing document to sales order
• VTFA: from sales order to billing document
• VTFL: from delivery to billing document
• VTFF: from the billing document to billing document

To include condition type in the pricing procedure, you have to follow the pathway.

Basic Functions >Pricing >Pricing Control >Define and Assign pricing procedure and then select “Maintain
pricing procedures” after that select pricing procedure and then “Control Data” and add your condition
type to the pricing system.

Proforma invoice is a reference doc for import and export negotiations. The standard proforma invoice
doc types are

• With reference to order – F5
• With reference to delivery- F8

Transaction code is used to create a return delivery is T/C VA01 with standard order type RE, while
return delivery is T/C VL01 with return delivery doctype LR

• Rush Order: Order delivery will be done on the same day while billing will be done later

• Cash Sale: Billing and order delivery will be done on the same day

For sale document type the five features you can control is

• Text
• Partner
• Pricing
• Taxes
• Output
• Delivery

The techniques available in delivery Scheduling are

• Backward Scheduling: The system calculates requested delivery date
• Forward Scheduling: The system calculates the earliest possible date based on the material available date.

• SAP SD organization structure majorly consists of two steps: Creation of Organization elements in SAP system and second is to link each element as per requirement. On the top of organization structure in SD module, sales organization is at highest level and is responsible for distribution of goods and services.

• SAP recommends keeping number of sales organizations in organizational structure to be minimum which helps in making reporting process easy and ideally it should have a single Sales organization

• Distribution channel tells the medium by which products and services are distributed by an organization to its end users. Division in an organizational structure represents a product or service line in a single organization.

• A Sales area is known as entity which is required to process an order in a company. It is comprised of Sales organization, distribution channel and a division.

• In SAP SD organizational structure, each sales organization is assigned to a company code. Distribution channel and divisions are assigned to Sales organization, and all comprise to make a sales area.

• A Sales area is known as entity which is required to process an order in a company. It is comprised of Sales organization, distribution channel and a division.

• Can you do delivery without shipping point?
• No, shipping point is required to perform goods delivery.
• Is it possible to create invoices without delivery?
• No, invoice is not possible without delivery.
• Give an example of Material Management integration with Sales and Distribution?
• Consider an example of creating a sales order in SAP SD, it involves copying details of item from Material Management.
• Availability check of the item and price details are also taken from MM but this can be controlled this data in SD module. To create inbound and outbound delivery of goods for a sales order, shipping details, loading point etc. also come from Material Master.

 In case of standard sales order, you create an outbound goods delivery to the customer. Here movement 601 takes place. This movement is configured in MM and movement of goods hit some G/L account in FI.

Partner function allows you to identify which functions partner has to be perform in business process. Consider a simplest case, where all the customer functions are performed by partner customer. As these are mandate functions they has to be defined as obligatory functions in SD system.

• Domestic customers
• Export Customers
• One Time Customers

All Sales activities in SAP SD system can be divided into presales and post sales activities. Presale’s activities are classified as activities which occurs before product is sold to customer and post sales activities are those which occurs after product is sold.

• Pre-Sales Activities − Inquiry, quotation
• Post Sales Activities − Support, Relationship management

Sales support is one of the key components in Sales and Distribution SD module. It is also called computer Aided Selling SD-CAS.

This module helps organizations to create new sales, tracking of existing sales, and performance and eventually help in improving marketing and sales in an organization.

SAP SD Sales support module provides an option of creating email list for the customer and directly sending mails for new leads.

Sales order processing describes a function related to wholesale part of an organizational business.
Common functions under sales order processing −

• Availability of the articles purchased
• Checking for incomplete data
• Checking the status of the sales transaction
• Calculation of pricing and taxes
• Schedule the deliveries of goods
• Printing of documents or e-transfer of documents

An inquiry from a customer consists of one or more items that contains the quantity of a material or service entered in the order.

The quantity in a Sales order is further divided into business lines and comprise of various subsets and delivering dates.

Items in Sales order are combined in a hierarchy and allows to differentiate between batches or to use combinations of materials.

All the valid conditions on the items are mentioned in item conditions. These conditions for an item can be derived via a full condition and can be valid for entire sales order.

You can divide an item to multiple billing plan deadlines, and each tells the time when a fixed amount of the item is to be billed.

• VA02 − Edit a Sales Order
• VA03 − Display a Sales Order
• T-Code − VA01 Create a Sales Order

An Inquiry is not a legal document and is used to record the information about delivery or services from customers. The information that is captured using an inquiry is related to materials and quality of goods.

Menu Path − Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Inquiry → Create

T-Code − VA11

Quotation is a legal document to customer for delivery of goods and services. This is normally issued after an inquiry from customer or without an inquiry.

• SAP R/3 Menu
• Logistics → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Quotation → Create
• T-Code − VA21

• SPRO-IMG-Enterprise Structure-Assignment-SD-Assign Plant to Sales Organization/Dist.Channel
• T-Code − OVX6

No

Sales support is one of the key components in Sales and Distribution SD module. It is also called computer Aided Selling SD-CAS.

This module helps organizations to create new sales, tracking of existing sales, and performance and eventually help in improving marketing and sales in an organization.

SAP SD Sales support module provides an option of creating email list for the customer and directly sending mails for new leads.

Sales support stores all the data related to sales and distribution related to customers, products, materials, competitor products, etc

There is a customer telephone inquiry in the system and then customer requests a quotation which can be created by referring to same inquiry. Next is the customer place an order on the basis of quotation and a sales order is created by copying the information from the quotation and if any modifications are required.

Merchandise is shipped and bill is sent to the customer. After the delivery of goods, customer raises a claim damaged articles, a delivery can be created free of charge with reference to the sales order.

There are different types of sales documents that can be defined in SAP system −
• Credit Memo
• Debit Memo
• Standard Order
• Delivery Returns, etc

To define a Sales Document
Enter T-Code − VOV8 or SPRO → IMG → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Sales Document → Sales Document Header → Define Sales Document Type

No

• General Data Control Elements
• Shipping data Control Elements
• Billing Data Control Elements

Inquiry −
• No Delivery of an item
• No Availability checks
• Information purpose

Quotation −
• No Delivery
• No Movement

Order −
• Schedule line is suitable for delivery
• Movement type 601

Return −
• Schedule line is suitable for delivery

 It shows date of calculation of pricing procedure for that Particular document. So that in future you can see the date on which pricing calculated for that document.

Copy Control is defined as a process in which important transactions in a sales document are copied from one document to other. It consists of routines which determines the system how the data is to be copied from source document to target document.

A SAP system contains number of these routines and you can also create additional routines to meet the
business requirements. To create a new routine, you can use an existing sales document as a reference.

These controls are created and configured under IMG and can be found at below menu path −

SPRO → IMG → Sales and Distribution → Sales → Maintain copy control for sales documents
SPRO → IMG → Sales and Distribution → Shipping → Specify copy control for deliveries
SPRO → IMG → Sales and Distribution → Billing → Billing Documents → Maintain copy control for billing

There are various pricing elements like prices, surcharges, discounts, and taxes are defined in SAP system as condition types. To manage pricing information for a pricing element in a system, you have to create condition records.

A Condition table is defined as combination of keys to identify an individual condition record. A condition record is defined as how system stores the specific condition.

Give an example of condition record and condition table?
Example of Condition Record −
Entering the price of a product or to specify the discount for a privilege customer.
Example of Condition Table −

Condition records for a customer specific material prices are stored by a sales department. SAP system contains a conditional table 005 for this purpose. Key of table 005 includes below field −

• Customer
• Material
• Sales Organization
• Distribution Channel

First two fields − Customer and Material determines the relationship between customers and specific materials. Last two fields are used to identify organization data in SAP system.

Condition type is defined as specific features of daily pricing activities in SAP system. Using condition type you can also put different condition types for each pricing, discounts on goods, tax and surcharge that occurs in business transactions.

Condition type allows you to define the discount for special material. This can be specified in the system to calculate discount as an amount, or it can calculate discount in terms of percentage.

In case you have to use both discount types, two separate condition types has to be defined in the system.

While creating a condition record, you can use any of standard discount types. While doing automatic pricing, system checks for the discount that satisfies a certain condition and it checks for a valid condition record.

If a discount refers to a group like a material group or price groups, that group must be assigned to relevant customer or material master record before automatic pricing is done in the system.

Product Proposal helps an organization to increase the sales by recommended other products to the already added products or by replacing one already added. The products recommended can be cheaper, expensive or similar to the product that is requested by the customer.

Automatic Product Proposal is one of most powerful tool used in online marketing of products.

Product Proposals can be mapped to specific requirement of business partners to match their market requirement

Sales area is a combination of sales organization and distribution channel and Division. Division is a logical grouping of products; hence you can’t extend material to other sales areas. But you can extend customer to other sales areas through common Distribution channel & division.

• There are different types of Sales Order that can be placed −

Cash Sales
• This is defined an order type where customer place an order, pick up the order and pay for the goods. In this order type delivery of the order is executed immediately when the order has been entered. Cash invoice and billing can be printed immediately from the order.
• No Receivables is entered for customer as invoice amount is paid cash and directly entered to a cash account.

Rush Order
• In this order type, delivery of good is picked by customer or you deliver the goods on the same day when the order is placed.

Scheduling Agreement
• A scheduling agreement is defined as an external agreement with the customer and having details of quantity of goods and delivery dates. This information is mentioned as schedule lines In a standard system, Schedule lines can be created with the scheduling agreement or you can also create these at later stage.
• How do you manage deliveries when customer is not satisfied with product/service?

Free of charge delivery or subsequent delivery is made when customer is not satisfied with product or good or lesser quantity of good is delivered and company has to initiate a return as per customer request.
In this delivery, customer is not charged for shipping of goods.

Credit Memo −
This is done when customer wants refund for the delivered goods. System creates credit memo sales document to customer with reference to sales order.
Subsequent delivery −
This includes free of charge delivery of disputed goods to the customer. This is required when incorrect quantity of goods is delivered to customer.
Creating a return request in system −
T-Code − VA01

Outline agreement is a long-term purchasing agreement with vendor containing terms and conditions regarding the material that is supplied by vendor.

Outline agreements are valid up to certain period of time and cover a certain predefined quantity or value.

Outline agreement is of following two types.
• Contract
• Scheduling Agreement
Contract
Contract is a long-term outline agreement between vendor and ordering party over predefined material or services over certain framework of time. There are two types of contracts
Scheduling Agreement
A scheduling agreement is defined as an external agreement with the customer and having details of quantity of goods and delivery dates. This information is mentioned as schedule lines In a standard system, Schedule lines can be created with the scheduling agreement or you can also create these at later stage.

Quantity Contract − In this type of contract overall value is specified in terms of total quantity of material to be supplied by vendor.
Value Contract − In this type of contract overall value is specified in terms of total amount to be paid for that material to the vendor.

Contract can be created by following the below steps −
• Path to create Contract −
Logistics ⇒ Materials Management ⇒ Purchasing ⇒ Outline Agreement ⇒ Contract ⇒ Create
• T-code − ME31K

Path to create Scheduling Agreement −
• Logistics ⇒ Materials Management ⇒ Purchasing ⇒ Outline Agreement ⇒ Scheduling Agreement
⇒ Create ⇒ Vendor Known
• T-code − ME31L

Consignment stock management includes four key activities in the system −
• Creating a Consignment Fill-Up (Stock is fill up at warehouse)
• Creating Consignment Issue (Stock issued from warehouse)
• Creating a Consignment Pick-Up (Stock return to manufacturer)
• Displaying Consignment Returns (Stock return from customer)

Shipping is defined as an important activity in sales process. It comes under logistic chain and guarantees customer service and distribution of goods.

It is a component of Sales and Distribution module and is used to perform outbound delivery and other shipping activities like picking and packing of the goods.

In shipping process, below are the key sub processes −
• Delivery processing of the goods
• Picking of items
• Packing of the goods
• Post goods issue
• Shipping communication
• Planning & monitoring of shipping

To define Modes of Transport, navigate −
• SPRO → IMG → Logistics Execution → Transportation → Basic Transportation Function → Routes
→ Define Routes → Define modes of transport → Execute.

Use the user exit “userexit_move_field_to_vbkd” in report MV45AFZZ with this coding: DATA:
via LIKE knb1 -well. IF bad-zlsch IS INITIAL. IF NOT back-kunnr IS INITIAL. SELECT SINGLE swells INTO via
FROM knb1 WHERE bunkers = back-bukrs_vf AND runner = back-runner. bad-zlsch = via(1). ENDIF.
ENDIF.

Shipping is defined as an important activity in the sales process. It comes under the logistic chain and guarantees customer service and distribution of goods.
It is a component of the Sales and Distribution module and is used to perform outbound delivery and other shipping activities like picking and packing of the goods.

In the shipping process, below are the key sub-processes –
Delivery processing of the goods
Picking of items
Packing of the goods
Post goods issue
Shipping communication
Planning & monitoring of shipping
To define Modes of Transport, navigate –

Consignment stock management includes four key activities in the system –
Creating a Consignment Fill-Up (Stock is fill up at warehouse)

Creating Consignment Issue (Stock issued from the warehouse)

Creating a Consignment Pick-Up (Stock return to manufacturer)

Displaying Consignment Returns (Stock return from the customer)

One way is through the configuration of document type in transaction code VOV8 (O Another way is in the “Transaction Flow” section. You can also perform “Alt sales doc type 1” and “Alt sales doc type 2.”

You can use the user master data to achieve this.
Use transaction code SU01 and input the user ID. Go to the Parameters tab page and add parameter
VTW. Input your default distribution channel in the parameter value. The only drawback with this method is you will have to individually do this for all your users.

New shipping points are defined in the enterprise structure. Follow these steps: logistics execution ->
define shipping points and assign the shipping point to plant in assign in enterprise structure under logistics execution. Next, click shipping -> shipping point and good receipt determination. Configure for automatic determination of shipping point based on shipping condition, loading group, and plant.
Maintain relevant shipping condition in customer master. Maintain relevant loading group in material master (normally the standard). For the combination that you derive from the sales order, you should have a configuration entry for automatic determination in the sales order.

In SAP SD, the process of copying data from the source document to the target document is done by Copy Controls. They consist of a program referred to as routing that determines how the system will transfer the data. Copy control could be useful for the end-users who don’t want to repeat the control parameters from order- to delivery- and then billing.

Copy control can be done in the following manner:

• Sales document by sales document
• Billing document by sales document
• Sales document by delivery
• Sales document by billing document
• Delivery by billing document

Use transaction code MM01 to create material with organizational data pertaining to the plants and sales organizations

After rigorous testing in the QA environment and approval of the user community, you should transport the info structure and related items into a production environment during “downtime,” possibly when no billing documents are being created and posted.

Material master leads to classification, and then you select the desired class. Based on class you can choose the chart statistics. These characteristics are defined in CT04.

Incomplete delivery for child model (free gift) under BOM I have a BOM item and another item, which is a free gift for child model. This was not delivered to the dealer, but delivery order status indicates “complete delivery” and the scheduled line appeared fine as well. After my analysis, I found some things. The initial quantity of the BOM item is 5 and free good is 0. How do I go about fixing this?
Answer: You cannot manipulate and make changes afterward expecting the system to honor your requirements. You must add the child items as a separate order.

Use transaction code NACE. Define the output type here. In application V3, define the correct transmission medium. If you want to send it at your convenience select the dispatch time as 3 (Send with application own transaction). Attach the output type to the correct output determination procedure defined for the document type. Use T Code VF31 to send the message. You will need basis while configuring the email addresses because SCOT and SOST will be used by it.

The procedure is assigned in transaction OVHU2. You will have to assign the procedure to 0002 Outbound Delivery. Here you cannot specify the delivery type or item category. To some extent, you can control this with the packing indicator in the delivery item category, however, you can have better control by designing the access sequence with the available fields.

If you go into the change mode of the sales order

click on the environment, and then change. This menu will show you that partner functions like SH / BP / PY in the document are changed. It also shows old and new values

The delivery creation date is blank because the STO is blocked by the release strategy

The destination country will decide which language the output should be printed. Make sure that you are identifying that in the program attached to the output and accordingly open the desired form.

• Rush Order: Order delivery will be done on the same day while billing will be done later
• Cash Sale: Billing and order delivery will be done on the same day

For sale document type, the five features you can control is
• Text
• Partner
• Pricing
• Taxes
• Output
• Delivery

sales &distribution and the quality that is the company is giving a good service and the reasonable rates that way the Company gives it is the link between the SD team member with pp member to give the good product to the client, say that safe and genuine Product which is acceptable by the client. And there will be no chances of return delivery.

Each company code can have two additional currencies, in addition to the company code, currency entered the company code data. The currency entered in the company code creation is called local currency and the other two additional currencies are called parallel currencies. Parallel Currencies can be used in foreign business transactions. In order to do an international transaction, parallel currency can be used. The two parallel currencies would be GROUP CURRENCY and HARD CURRENCY

Display Master rec. XDO3, and on the top menu in The Environment – Account changes- all fields. Place the cursor on the relevant line and select Choose.

Credit control areal and company code relationship is (one Too many)one client having two company codes. One can deal two CCD It’s centralized, each CCD have its own cca it’s called Decentralized cca.

The requirement is an ABAP routine done as per the requirement of the client, Requirement is used for ‘condition type while determining the net value forex- rebate agreements have effect in billing so we define requirement 24 in requirement. Alternate Condition type- We can specify an alternate formula instead of the condition type in the form of routines. Alternate base value- instead of using from column to calculate the value of condition type we use formulae in the form routines. Account keys- the account keys are used for posting the values Accruals-In the accruals column the amount is accumulated, forex in rebates the amount should get accumulated.

Value sap is an implementation and lifecycle- a methodology that optimizes time, quality and efficient use of resources. ASAP approach is used to optimize time, quality and efficient use of resources during the course of implementation. It Integrates three components, the ASAP Roadmap, Tools, and 11/3 Service and Training, which work in conjunction to support the rapid and efficient implementation of the R/3 System.

In the Realization stage, we configure and customize the Blueprint stage business process with the help of functional specifications and here we map the business process into the sap.

Solution Manager, REMEDY., Etc

1. When there is not enough stock system will give the next delivery date by checking the availability of that quantity of material.

2. When there is not enough stock for delivery, we need to first check if the customer accepts partial delivery for this item, if yes, then we can deliver the part quantity. If the customer does not accept partial quantity then backorder processing occurrence for a new material availability date.

• Sold to party
• Ship to party
• Payer
• Bill to party.

In the batch edit box, there is an option called concurrent. By checking that all the sessions in that Batch will run concurrently

1. A delivery document is-similar to the sales order document In that the settings control how delivery is to be Carded out at the highest level and has a delivery item Category assigned to it. The SAP System can only copy items of a sales document to delivery if they have schedule lines. The control of the schedule lines depends on the schedule line category which is determined by the Item Category and MRP type.

2. I want to add something like schedule line converted into item line in the delivery document. Schedule line mainly gives u the data related to delivery date and quantity but schedule line gives u the full detail like hip-to-party, shipping point, picking a date, etc.

1. Invoice also one type of billing document. The debit memo, credit memo, returns, etc.. Are some billing documents.
2. Invoice and billing document is different. Invoice is whenever we can send a Vie goods aid to the customer we can t the invoice also because to check the goods. Billing document is a total good.

By a/c determination we determine which type of revenue sud Go where like cash sale will go in different a/c card payment will go in a different module. Factors influencing a/c determination are a chart of a/c

• AAG of customer
• AAG of material
• A/c key

2. Sales amount which is in sales order will be posted into Some accounts. Eg: sales price should be posted into revenues account in the same way sales discount should be posted into deduction account, another amount will post into some other account for this purpose we maintain account determination._–Coming to the question’s answer, influencing factors for account determination is,
chart of accounts,( ft consultant will tell that chart of accounts which is used for that company code) sales organization, distribution channel, account assignment group for customer ( which is in customer master data, sales area tab page, billing view ) account assignment group for material (which is in material master record, sales organization 1 view .( not sure plz check) account key which is assigned in pricing • procedure G/L account number FT consultant will give this number) .

1. By using T.code v109.
2. Right. but we never stop the PG’ once we do. We only cancel the PGI. Tax Code Determination in Invoicing Document If several items with different VAT rates are included in one invoice, these different rates are displayed in the invoice header including the respective amount. After saving the invoice, the system determines one VAT rate including one tax code and transfers this tax code to the
accounting document. How does this determination work? 112) What is the rule behind this determination?
Answer: In FS01/02/03 you will see that there is a tax.

category field where you enter the used tax code for this account. Normally tax conditions have specific account keys. Through transaction code VKOA or OV35, you assign which account (using key fields from sales) will be used for the accounting doc. Check V08 price procedure for the user account key as well.

1. Because master data is responsible for all the records like Sales order, delivery and-billing and as well as in customer payments. It is mandatory for the entire process, and for eg-we cannot create a sales order without customer master data, material master data, and condition master data.

1. We will combine multiple deliveries into one invoice when The bill to party, payment terms, and billing date is the same.

2. And when billing date, that means billing is done only once in a month for the particular customer, then you combine all deliveries of that month create an invoice.

SPRO stands for SAP Project Reference Object SPRO is used to configure the SAP System as per client’s requirement. IMG (Implementation Management Guide) menu which you will find customization settings for all SAP modules, will be shown after executing SPRO transaction.

Functional specification is a comprehensive document which describes the desired
functionality. It contains technical information and data. It describes the scope, current functionality and desired functionality of a function/transaction

Variant configuration is used where you have a configurable material like computer (made up of components like processor, monitor, keyboard, mouse etc.). These components are called as characteristics in variant config. Again this will be having values like processor can be either P4 or P3, monitor can be 15″ or 17″ etc. Based on the values selected the variant pricing will happen using the condition type VA00.

SAP’s Sales and Distribution module is quite comprehensive and contains various features for analysis. One such feature within SAP SD is the creation of Customer Groups. Simply speaking, customer groups are part of the customer master data in SAP IMG. Customers are assigned to a particular customer group by assigning a two digit alphanumeric key. Such customer group key needs to be assigned to each and every customer master records. The main benefit of customer groups is that it can be used in generating statistics and creating condition records such as records for pricing. One example which I can give is suppose you create two sets of customer groups, say Customer group A1 for domestic sales and Customer group A2 for international sales. You can choose to give discount to customer group A1 which are customers in the domestic market by creating a pricing condition for group A1. Customer groups can be created in SAP SD user the following menu path: IMG >> Sales & Distribution >> Master Data >> Business Partners >> Customers >> Sales >> Define Customer Groups Alternatively, one can use the transaction code OVS9. One needs to simply define a two digit alphanumeric customer group key. Once defined, the same can be assigned to a customer master record using the transaction code VD02. Such customer master key can be made mandatory for all customer master records.

A customer orders some items from your company by creating a sales order (Tcodes: VA01, VA02, VA03, Tables: VBAK, VBAP etc). Your company decides to deliver the items ordered by the customer. This is recorded by creating a outbound delivery document (TCodes:VL01N, VL02N, VL03N,
Tables: LIKP, LIPS etc). Once the items are available for sending to the customer, you post goods issue which reduces your inventory and puts the delivery in transit. This will create a material document. You will post goods issue using VL02N but the material document created will be stored in tables MKPF,
MSEG. You will then create shipment document to actually ship the items. (Tcodes: VT01N, VT02N, VT03N, Tables: VTTK, VTTP etc). You finally create a sales billing document. (TCodes: VF01, VF02, VF03, Tables: VBRK, VBRP etc). This will have a corresponding accounting document created that will be in BKPF, BSEG tables. When customer pays to your invoice, it will directly hit your Account Receivables account in FI. You will have to remember that these are not a required sequence. Some times, you may configure your system to create a SD invoice as soon as you create a sales order or you may not create a shipping document at all. This is the position where Functional Consultant would come into picture and study the company’s order to cash process and configure the SAP system to do so.

Menu path: IMG->sales & distribution->Billing->billing plans->define billing plan types. You set the start date and end dates if applicable to the type of billing you are using. What time to be billed (end of month, start of month etc..) Milestone is a billing plan type where a customer is billed for the amount
distributed between the dates until total value is reached eg: if the total billing amount is 1000 USD for a year. You will bill the customer in different amounts say 200, 500, 300 at different intervals as per customer agreement. On the other hand Periodic billing is billing the customer for the total amount(here 1000 USD) at regular intervals periodically until the customer agreement is reached. eg:
1000/12 for a 1 year agreement and say billed at the 1st day of every month Explanation for Billing Plan for Milestone Billing Milestone billing means distributing the total amount to be billed over multiple billing dates in the billing plan. As each milestone is successfully reached, the customer is billed either a percentage of the entire project cost or simply a pre-defined amount. During sales order processing, the system determines from the item category whether a billing plan is required and, if so, which type of plan ,The type of billing plan that is determined at this point is set up in Customizing and cannot be changed in the sales document. Billing plans for periodic billing and milestone billing plans for project related milestone billing have different overview screens so that you can enter data relevant to your processing.

If you’re not sure what a transaction code is, or you know the transaction code but can’t find it in the menu, use this transaction: Type in the transaction code, or part of the name e.g. sales order. Any transaction name with that text in it will be shown, along with the menu path

Client landscape: Basic layout : dev -testing- production also – Sandbox server . for trial and error – Development server for actually creating transports (CTS) – Global server. If you have global implementations at different client locations (eg; Canada, US, UK) (for testing purposes with actual master data as well) – Testing server.(for regression testing purposes before moving to production, integration etc..) – Production server is the actual production system The clients could be variable and could be created to a specific server . usually a developed. where abap, functional would mess around.
say : client 100-functinal consultants ,client 300- abapers ,client 400- other users(like super etc)

A transaction in SAP is like a program in normal computer languages, and is identified by a four-character transaction code. A transaction can be initiated directly from the command field on the presentation interface or from the corresponding menu option. There are two kinds of transactions:
report and dialog transactions. Report transactions are SAP programs that collect selection parameters from the selection screen followed by the output called the lists. Dialog programs consist of more than one interactive screen called a dynpro. These transactions sometimes also need pre selected information for triggering them, not unlike the explicit selection screens in report programs; these are
called parameter transactions.

Core Team are the power users who are selected for the SAP implementation. The Functional Team gather the initial implementation requirement from these core team users who will be the bridge between the SAP Functional Team and their department users with the expert work knowledge

One of the most asked question in a SAP interview is whether it is possible to have a selfdefined transaction code in SAP. The answer to the question is simple and if given tactfully can impress the interviewers. To start with, yes, self-defined reports, transactions or functions are possible within SAP. There might be numerous reasons why a company might go in for customized transaction codes or for that matter reports. To cater to this demand, SAP allows creation of user-defined transaction codes. Creating a transaction code allows the user to speed up access to specific reports/programs as the user no longer needs to use transaction code. Thus, instead of using T-Code SA38, then entering the program
name or report name and pressing execute, the same can be done directly through a pre-defined TCode. The user can then simply use a transaction code, which will automatically open the program. In SAP customized T-codes can be created through transaction code.

If you are the kind of person who stores his frequently used SAP transactions in his memory instead of his favorites folder, you might from time to time run out of memory and experience some difficulties to remember a specific transaction code. On the other hand, if you work with the SAP menu and spare a bit your memory, you might also have some problems from time to time to find your way back in the SAP menu to a specific transaction. Here are 2 tips to find back your transactions. The first one is more targeted towards specialists as you might need advanced authorizations to run it while the second one is more generic and standard. Using table TSTCT Executing transaction SE16N on table TSTCT
and selecting as language field (SPRSL) ‘EN’ for English, you may try and find transaction codes based on their texts. Note that you may use ‘*’ generic characters in the text search and that the search IS case-sensitive. Using transaction SEARCH_SAP_MENU As its name indicates, transactions SEARCH_SAP_MENU searches the SAP menu for a transaction code or text you specify and outputs the directory path to the transactions. Note that not only transactions are matched against the search text but also transactions directories themselves (they are easily recognized because they have no associated transaction code in the resulting list). Another big advantage of this method is that the search IS NOT case-sensitive

System transaction codes can be entered in the command field to go directly to a transaction or a function. The following conventions are important time-saving tips for using transaction codes /n – cancels the current transaction /nxxxx – initiates the specified transaction directly from another transaction /o – displays an overview of sessions /oxxxx – initiates the specified transaction in a new session /nend – ends the logon session with a confirmation pop-up window /nex – ends the logon
session without a confirmation pop-up window /i – deletes the current session

 In SAP Materials Management, goods movement is distinguished using a three digit key which is called the “movement type”. The movement type is important because it controls the screen layout, adjustment of inventories, the GL account for financial purposes etc. Goods movement have been discussed elaborately here. The various types of material movement types in SAP materials management MM are given below: Movement Type and Goods Movement 101 Goods receiving for
ordering 104 Goods receiving blocking status for ordering 122 Return delivery to suppliers 201 Goods outflow (WA) to cost centers 221 Goods outflow to project 231 Goods outflow to customer order 241 Goods outflow to factory 251 Goods outflow to sales 261 Goods outflow to order 291 Goods outflow for
all account allocations 321 Release from quality checking 551 Goods outflow for scrap 321 Release from quality checking 451 Returns from customers 453 Inventory to inventory transfers 501 Goods receiving without order 511 No cost delivery 521 Internal goods receiving without manufacturing order 561 Inventory taking

Used in the determination of available stock of a material, the Stock Type is the sub-division of inventory at a storage location based on the use of that inventory. In SAP, there are many kinds of stock types: Valuated Stocks are the stocks which belongs to your company. There are three types of valuated stocks Unrestricted Stock is the physical stock that is always available at a plant/storage location Quality Inspection Stock is not counted for unrestricted use and may be made available for MRP. To give an example, you want to do inspection on arrival, you shift your stock to Quality inspection stock then you do the quality inspection Blocked stock is not counted as unrestricted stock and is not available for MRP.
Non Valuated stock is the stock which you will keep in your premised and this is not valuated in your company The GR-blocked stock denotes all the stock accepted ‘conditionally’ from the vendors. This stock is not considered available for ‘unrestricted use.’ You will use the Movement Type 103 for the GR-

blocked stock and Movement Type 101 is used for a normal GR. Special stock is the stock managed
separately that does not belong to company or that are stored at particular location

Step Transfer This process describes to transfer the material stock between plants 1-step. This type of stock transfer can only be carried out in Inventory Management. Neither Shipping in the issuing plant nor purchasing in the receiving plant is involved in the process. Transferring stock in one step has the following characteristics: – The stock transfer is entered as a transfer posting in Inventory Management. Creating a reservation can plan the transfer posting. The quantity of the stock transferred is posted immediately from the unrestricted-use stock of the issuing plant to the unrestricted-use stock of the receiving plant The transfer posting is valuated at the valuation price of the material in the issuing plant. If the plants involved belong to different company codes, the transfer between plants is also a transfer between company codes. In this case, the system creates two accounting documents for the transfer posting. The stock posting is offset against a company code clearing account. 2- Step Transfer This process describes to transfer the material stock between plants in 2-step. This type of stock transfer can only be carried out in Inventory Management. If you post a stock transfer from plant to plant using the two-step procedure, you post the removal from storage at the issuing plant first. After you post the removal from storage, the quantity being transferred is managed in stock in transfer at the receiving plant. It is not yet part of unrestricted-use stock, however. You post the placement into storage at the receiving plant in a second step. Only then are the event completed and the transferred quantity part of unrestricted-use stock. Possible reasons for carrying out the a stock transfer in two steps may be: The plants are located at quite a distance from each other and the goods are in transit for a prolonged period of time; or there is one employee responsible at each plant, and each can only post movements for his/her own plant.

Counter is used to show a second mini step within an actual step. For example, you may have all your freight charges assigned to step 100, however there may be three condition types, each representing a different freight charge. Thus you can assign a freight condition type to step 100 counter 1, another to step 100 counter 2; another to step 100 counter 3; and so on

VPRS is the internal price condition which is copies from material master and can not be manual process. It is mainly used to calculate revenue sv from particular material. EK01 is for actual costing EK02 is for calculates costing for costing purpose

Request # will be of format SysIdKxxxxxx, where sys id is your DEV(development), QAS (Quality) or PRO (Production) clients, letter K followed by a 6 digit number. Each rask in IMG is attached with a Req #. When we need to transport the requests from 1 client to another Eg: DEV to QAS, we 1st need to release lower level requests followed by higher level requests using SE09 / SE10. Only then we will sbe able to transport them which Basis guy does

A key feature of an enterprise data system such as SAP is integration of function where events occurring in the system cause accounting entries to be made automatically when the events happen. This means that there is no lag between events and the books. To facilitate this process SAP uses this  basic method: The account key determines the type of price and discount calculation made The type of sales revenue posting to feed data into profitability analysis The customer master record is the source for data The material master record is the source for data on what was shipped from inventory

Yes, there is always an agreement that the customer will sell or consume the materials. Billing is done only when the customer actually sells or consumes the materials. The unsold goods or unused materials are our materials, and the customer can return them (if he wants). Materials may be kept at
either customer’s site or our site. Ownership of material passes only in case of : 1) Consignment Issue : from us to customer i.e. when the customer actually sells or consumes the material. 2) Consignment Return : from customer back to us. It does not pass in case of : Fill-up or Pick-up.

1 we will combine multiple deliveries into one invoice, when the bill to party , payment terms and billing date is same. And also when billing date, that means billing is done only once in a month for that particular customer, then you combine all deliveries of that month create invoice 2 In one scenario it depends up on the customer master data in the following way if that specific customers have multiple ship to parties as mentioned in partner functions of the master data of the customer and for all these ship to parties there will be unique bill to party or payer this takes place. If the confirm delivery date of materials to different ship to parties must be unique. 3)In another scenario it depends up on the
availability check in the following as it depends up the checking group if the system finds collective requirement in the checking group of this material master record of the specified material it combines all the deliveries and transfers to the billing document as one invoice.

Material Discount was not included in Pricing Procedure.
Tax was not configured in Pricing

Material was required to be substituted by some other material during unavailability.

It was required to assign new Partner to Customer.

It was required to make some fields in Material Master as required entry

A2. first of of all tickets are the requirement which comes from client side or by the end users .the ticket which i faced was client wants to give discount if customers pay within given period of time say 20days he will get 10% discount and 5% 10days before 20days and 2% 5 days before 10days.My problem is that
i am unable to insert 2%discount in terms of payment how to solve it. 2nd Ticket was client wants transportation zone in pricing which not maintained in field catalog, 3rd Ticket was client wants vprs should be his selling price i.e pr00 should not be maintained.

These parameters are specific to the logon user id. you can access this by going to pull down main menu–System- User Profile–> Own data–> in that the 3rd Tab page. A 2> These are module specific parameters which serve different purposes. Ex-EFB parameter for MM Purchase order-Prices display

ALTERNATE CALCULATION TYPE : This function allows you use a formula as an alternative in finding the value of the condition type, instead of standard condition technique. this can be used to calculate complex tax structures. ALTERNATE CONDITION BASE VALUE : The alternative condition base value is a formula assigned to a condition type in order to promote an alternative base value for the
calculation of a value

After saving invoice 5 documents are generated:

Revenue Account

Customer Receivables Account

profit center Account.

Special Purchase Ledger Account

Profit Analysis Account.

BPR means the existing business process how you re-engineered to get client requirements. (Line items clearing at the time of customer receipts which is not exists in the legacy)

Examples of user exits : MV50AFZZ i used it to carry out availability check for batch managed materials

first system looks in the following way : 1) Customer material Info Record 2) Customer master record 3) Material Master Record

shipping point will be determined based on the shipping conditions, loading group and delivery plant.

we assign movement type in schedule line category. As is related to transfer

Blueprint means collecting the business requirements and mapping these with in sap R/3 if propose is not met then some other solution how to map in SAP R/3 i.e AS IS – TO BE study so the out put will be understanding the requirements and providing the solution in sap with flow charts and get the acceptance from the business team before configuring the system i.e realization stage

There are Consultants, Power users, End users in a SAP R/3 system. The users are differentiated by the level of authorization End users– Normaly are given authorisation to only specific transactions (T.codes)– like creation of Sale order, Delivery, transfer order etc etc.. For eg a person in the ware house would only be given authorization to create, Transfer orders and not to create Sale orders. Similarly a sales person will have the authorization to create SOs and not TOs. Power Users– People who have additional authorizations to change or add data to make the system adapt to day to day business requirements are power users. Master record creation, Condition record creation. These people sometimes are also allowed to view the customization screens and normally not allowed to make any changes in the customization. Consultants– These people (We) mainly work in customization. their authorization level depends on the Server they work on. For eg: In development server to all screens In testing server except few critical customization screen to all screens In production server – To get any screen in production to end user, here user role can be changed by the help of basis to work in production server in case of emergency like they would like to find the root cause of the error which happens only in production server and not in any other server. 

Returnable packaging consists of materials that are stored at the customer location, but which remain the property of your company. The customer is only required to pay you for the returnable packaging if he does not return it to you by a specified time. Ex: Coke Bottles, retailers have to return them to the factory. Item Category Group LEIH. and Treated as Special Stock. Pick up and issue will be available like consignment.

In Order to make Sales Area following Organizational elements Are required. 1 Sales Organization. 2 Distribution Channel. 3 Division.

EK01 IS A CALCLATED COST EK02 IS A ESTIMATED COST

1. IT WILL work as STATIC OR SIMPLE CREDIT CHECK

AS YOU ARE NOT MAINTAINING THE CREDIT HORIZON FOR CHECKING PURPOSE SYSTEM WILL CONSIDER TODAY’S DATE AS DEFAULT.

customer hierarchies are use to show the tree structure of the customer in the company. it is used to give the discount based on the hierarchy. for rebate processing the customer hierarchies are used to give the exact discount.

Proof of delivery is the confirmation, sent by the customer upon goods receipt. Company will raise the billing document based on that confirmation. They normally use an intermediate document with application link enabling. On the whole, It is done by an abapers.

Badis stands for Business Add Ings. and it is for enhancements in the application area. main use of it is Reusability, BADI’s are oops based. BADI’s can be used any number of times in a project.

1. yes, you can do it by assigning different doc pricing procedure for sales doc. eg. you can assign different Doc pricing procedure for OR, F2, accordingly different pricing procedure will be determined for both document. ( you will have to assign this DocPP in pricing procedure determination)
2. Yes it is possible to have a PricProc in Billing different from that of SO. Since the PricProc determination takes place at invoice level also. Generally, the Sales area & CPP (Cust pricing Proc) indicator won’t change, however the DPP (Document Pricing Procedure) can be different for the billing type than that of sales order type. enhance a different Pricing proc can be determined. However, in practice, people may not be doing this.

1, Inquiry is just a simple document showing some interest shown by the prospective customer on products and services offered by the company. Date and Price nothing is relevant here. BUT quotation is a legal agreement which is given/offered to the Customer. The company will agree to the customer, that company will charge a particular amount to a particular quantity of a particular product and this agreement is time limited and not valid after that time duration. 2.Quotation is legally binding offer from sales organization to a customer for providing goods and services under certain fixed conditions Quotation id valid for limited period only

To be clearer, the condition type entered along with the pricing procedure determination would become a column in the line item of the sale order. so instead of going into the item data conditions screen and entering the value , you can straight away enter it in the line item

An instruction to move materials from a source storage bin to a destination storage bin in a warehouse complex at a specified time. A transfer order consists of items that contain the quantity of the material to move and specifies the source and destination storage bins. A transfer order can be created based on a customer delivery, a transfer requirement, or a posting change notice. Source and  destination storage bins can be in different warehouses. Application: This is the term of Warehouse Management (LE-WM) and linked into SD Module, where clients business run through Warehouse Related Transaction: VL01N LT03 LT09 VL02N

There are 16 columns in pricing procedure 1. Step 2. Counter 3. Condition type 4. Description 5. From 6. To 7. Manual 8. Mandatory 9. Statistical 10.Print 11.Subtotal 12.Print 13.Alternative calculation type 14.Altenate condition base value 15.Account key 16.Accruals

Standard Output Types in SD are as under: 1. Sales Order Confirmation: BA00 2. Outbound Delivery Note: LD00 3. Billing Document: RD00 5. Cash Sales: RD03 6. Inquiry: AF00 7. Quotation: AN00 8. Contract: KO00 9. Picking List: EK00

A condition type is one which describes that what is the purpose of that condition i.e. it represents a real time pricing like price, discount, freight or taxes condition types are used to define how the particular condition is going to perform. Condition types are linked to access sequence which in turn is linked to condition tables. Condition types are used wherever we use condition technique. Hence it is used in pricing, material determination, output control, etc. Some important condition types in pricing are pr00-pricing, kfoo-freight, k007-customer discount…

condition tech is the main backbone of pricing without condition there is no pricing Condition tables + access sequence + condition type + Pricing procedure = Condition technique

– plant is place where Production/assembling of material is done as per PP-module, place where Storage/purchasing of material done as per MM-module and for sales plant is place where sales and service is provided. – Storage Location is a place allotted inside a plant for the purpose to maintain the stock. The same considered for all modules (PP, SD, & MM)

Sales documents is nothing but data container, and its a proof of transactions to simplify business process document categorized into 3 types :sales document, delivery document , billing document sales document :sales related data is going to be captured here to map different process transactions sap has categorized into 4 types. Presales order: inquiry, quotation (IN, QT) Standard order:
OR, cash rush Customer outline agreement: Scheduling agreement-DS & contracts Customer complaints: credit, debit (G2, L2) The functions of sales document type are: It can determine whether the sales doc of that type is blocked or not, No. ranges for the documents, whether a reference doc is mandatory or
not, whether it should read cus.material info record, whether the system should run credit checks and how it should respond etc.. A sales document type fulfills a requirement of a specific business transaction.. for example in a cash sale you would require the delivery to be happening immediately after the order and you would require a invoice slip to be handed over to the customer immediately
after his purchase. These things are customized in your Cash sales(CS) document type..

Link Between SAP SD, MM & FI The link between SD and MM :- 1. When you create sales order in SD, all the details of the items are copied from Material master of MM. 2. MRP and availability check related data is also taken from MM although you control this data in SD also. 3. While you create inbound/outbound delivery with reference to a sales order, the shipping point determination takes
place with the help of the loading group, plant data, shipping conditions etc. This also refers to Material Master. 4. The material which you are entering in a sales order must be extended to the sales area of your sales order/customer otherwise you cannot transact with this material. There are many such links between SD and MM. Now the link between SD and FI :- 1. Whenever you create a delivery with reference to a sales order, goods movement takes place in the background. eg.In case of standard sales order, you create an outbound goods delivery to the customer. Here movement 601 takes place. This movement is configured in MM. Also, this movement hits some G/L account in FI. Every such movement
of goods hits some G/L account. 2. The accounts posting in FI is done with reference to the billing documents (invoice, debit note, credit note etc) created in SD. Thus this is a link between SD and FI 3. Tax determination: In case of a tax determination also, there is a direct link between SD and MM . SD
Integration points with other modules SD module is highly integrated with the other modules in SAP. Sales Order Integration Points Module Availability Check – MM Credit Check – FI Costing – CO/ MM Tax Determination – FI Transfer of Requirements – PP/ MM Delivery & Goods Issue Integration Points Module Availability Check – MM Credit Check – FI Reduces stock – MM Reduces Inventory $ – FI/ CO Requirement Eliminated – PP/ MM Billing – Integration Points Module Debit A/R – FI/ CO Credit Revenue – FI/ CO Updates G/L – FI/ CO (Tax, discounts, surcharges, etc.) Milestone Billing – PS Return Delivery &
Credit Memo – Integration Points Module Increases Inventory – MM Updates G/ L – FI Credit Memo – FI Adjustment to A/R – FI Reduces Revenue – FI

 Material Requirement Planning is concept of planning for the demand, whether we need the material – to be planned internally – to be procured externally – to be planned in external system (ex APO – No planning – time based planning

Incomplete orders are the orders which have not maintained Completely as to full fill the business requirement to place the order ( as defined in incompletion proc by business). The backorder is the order in which has not confirmed in Full or not confirmed at a requested delivery date. (Certain delivery date)

The main purpose of the customer views is for each dept to determine the roles effectively in customer GENERAL DATA- deals with all the details regarding the customer COMPANY CODE DATAdeals with financial aspects. SALES AREA DATA- deals with sales; billing; shipping details along with the partner determination

Answer: VKM1 is for blocked document, VKM2 Released Doc.

 If a material is managed in batches then you can carry out a batch split for every component. This means that if you Split a batch, you assign more than one batch to one Component. In this case, each batch is displayed as a Separate component in the component overview. Batch splits can only be triggered manually in the Production order. The following requirements must be met for batch splitting:
(1)The material master record of the material must specify That the material is managed in batches.
(2)Batches must exist for the material.

Account key is created and provided by FI. Account key determines the G/L account to which the amount is to be posted. SD defines account key in pricing and FI uses it for posting taxes. To the maximum both are one and same to find the right G/L account through condition technique .SD Account key will be from Pricing procedure and the FI Account key is from the tax procedure. as far as my knowledge is concerned both the Key purpose is same. Acct keys are defined in FI only, SD people only use them, say in pricing. But ultimately they r used for posting the amounts to relevant GL accounts only

Credit control is determined in the combination COMPANY CODE + CUSTOMER RISK CATEGORY + CREDIT GROUP = CREDIT CONTROL AREA One Company code can be assigned too many credit control areas And multiple company codes are not assigned to one credit Control area.

FD32 Maintains credit management records here we can give the amount of the customer WHAT IS HIS credit limit. U can see address of the customer, Central data, status and payment history of the customer.

Requirements are used in different area of SD, for example requirement in pricing procedure, it restrict the access of the condition type. for example, the rebate condition type bo01 has the requirement 24 it means that this condition type should appear in the billing document. Routine means the program written for the requirement.ie the logic written in the ABAP code.

A condition supplement is a group of conditions that should be applied every time a certain condition is found. for Eg: If u define a material price, u will enter condition records for that material and the corresponding price. If u also want to give discount to that material every time the price is determined, u can enter the discount condition type as a condition supplement. So whenever the price is determined for the material, it will automatically include the discount condition records.

Periodic: – full amount in each bill till contract period Milestone: – partial amount in each bill till full amount is billed. Milestone billing is a billing plan type where the customer have to pay the amount in parts within the billing date e.g. suppose the bill amount of the customer is 1000 usd, the customer can pay 200usd,300usd as mentioned on the Agreement whereas in periodic plan type the customer have to pay the amount in a regular periodic interval.i.e. The customer have to pay the 1000usd in 1 year then the amount payable by the customer is 1000/12.

They both are belong to automatic credit check The only difference is Dynamic contains a time/horizon/attach period .This time period used by the system where we specify time in months .EX: 2 months .System will use this period to take open orders, open deliveries etc. to get credit exposure. Within this attached time period not after this specified period, u have to do delivery after this horizon period say 3 months latter the delivery date so system will not calculate this date static check will carry out the open sales orders +open deliveries +open billing + open items, dynamic check= static check+ time horizon

GL ACCOUNT CANNOT BE DETERMINED DURING INVOICING MOVEMENT TYPE NOT FOUND  DURING DELIVERY STORAGE UNIT NOT FOUND IN THE BIN ERROR DURING TRANSFER ORDER CREATION FOR DELIVERY ROUTE NOT DETERMINED DURING DELIVERY TOR CANNOT BE DONE DURING DELIVERY ETC…

Ek01- the result of unit costing can be used as base for price (pr00) determination. Ek02- the result of unit costing simply taken as a statistical value

The item category group determines how a material is processed in the sales order. It defines, for example, that pricing does not take place for a free of charge item, such as a business gift; or that inventory management is not carried out for a service. When processing sales and distribution documents, the system uses the item category group to determine the item category. The system determines the item category based on the item category group of the material and the current business transaction and proposes it in the respective document. hen creating the material types nonstock material and services, DIEN is proposed in both cases for the item category group, because the order processing for both material types is identical: for example, pricing is carried out for both, but no availability check.

A pricing procedure is a procedure by where in which you control the execution of condition types in a sequence you would like . It not only executes the condition types but als0 controls the execution of condition type by the use of requirements , altcv. altcbv, account key. Pricing procedure is a systematic and sequential use of condition types to arrive at a right value of the product.To determine the pricing procedure SALES AREA (Sales Organization + Distribution Channel +Division) + CUSTOMER PRICING PROCEDURE + DOCUMENT PRICING PROCEDURE

If we set an exclusion indicator in the definition of condition type during sales document processing the system ignores the other condition type which exits below that in the pricing procedure and which have same requirement.

For intracompany STO the delivery doc type is NL(i.e. within the one company code)& for intercompany STO the delivery type is NLCC.

Header level conditions are for the whole document, while item level condition is for the particular item only. header conditions do not have access sequences and condition records, too.

There is the link between credit management and subtotals. The reason why, Business grant credit to the customer. so all the credit amounts of customer must stored in corresponding tables in our sap system. so that In Pricing procedure for the condition type Net value we assign A In the field Subtotal. the table for credits is komp-cmpre

IN SAP we can call these are master data like: 1. Customer master data 2. Material master data 3. Customer material Information record 4. When we are maintaining condition records like pricing Condition record, rebate condition record. THE main purpose of maintaining the master data is that when we will create any documents in sales like sales document, the data regarding customer is coming from customer master and the data regarding material is coming from material master, and for example in the sales order the delivery plant is coming from CMIR,OR CUSTOMER MASTER OR,MATERIAL MASTER ,like this…

There are 3 levels in a sales document i.e. header level, item level and schedule line. Line item falls in the Item Level. 1)Line Item relates to material details or the item details such as item number, name of material, quantity etc. 2)The item category of the item which is determined by the system  (by combination of Item Category Group from Material Master, Sales Document Type, Usage and higher level item category)is copied at Item Level of the sales documents. 3)Line Item contains the value and quantity also which are not normally found at Header Level. 4)Examples of Line items are : Material,
Order Quantity, Material Group, Plant, Shipping Point, Route, Customer Material, Sales Unit, price/discount/tax/freight per unit, etc. 5)Examples of Header data will make Line Item more clear : Sold-to Party, Pricing date, Document currency, Price group, Customer Group, Incoterms, Payment terms, Purchase Order Number etc.

You can opt for any of the following 3 : 1)credit the customer for the amount of short-charged  invoice by creating a Credit Memo Request with reference to the previous invoice and create a new sales order with correct rate 2)you can make a Credit Memo Request for the overcharged amount and
make a Credit Note Billing Document to give credit for the difference amount 3)you may make an Invoice Correction Request.

The main function is resolving the day-to-day issues sent by the client. sometimes enhancements also. And read the detailed ticket issues

For header conditions, no access sequence will be there. the values for header conditions should be entered manually during sales order processing. access sequence is a search strategy which finds the right condition record from the condition table.

SD—-sales organization MM—-plant PP—-plant FICO—–company code

Reverse and adjustment postings can also be marked as negative postings. Negative postings are used to reduce the transaction figures in G/L, customer, and vendor accounts. This allows you to give the transaction figures (following the reversal) the status they would have had without posting the reversed document and its reversal document. This type of reversal is called a negative posting. Its nothing but an adjustment. Lets say you have creates a bill of 10 bucks and latter you realize its not correct and the billing amount should be 8 bucks. To change the billing amount you have to create a negative bill worth -2 bucks. Its a negative bill or in other words its an adjustment of credit type. Similarly debit type adjustments are also there.

Rebate is nothing but a special discount which is given on to specific customer on certain sales volume with in specific period of time. Rebate may given on a specific customer, if he do the targeted business within the validity periods, A rebate is a discount which is granted subsequently to a rebate recipient on the basis of defined sales volume within certain period. There are three processes on rebate. 1:- Configuring Rebate 2:- Setting of rebate agreements 3:- managing rebate agreement & payments But before the processing the rebate you need to activate the following fields :- in Payer master record :- Sales organization :- Billing document type. You have following rebate agreement types for your customer. 1:- Material rebate 2:- customer rebate 3:- customer Hierarchy rebate 4:- Material group rebate 5:- Independent of sales volume.

Client specific data refer to the data that can be accesses only when we log in to that Client specific data: a) Business data–Master data of business partners, products, pricing etc. b) Transaction data: Sales orders, delivery, billing documents etc. c) Customization data: All the IMG activities that are saved with Customizing request number form the client specific data

Finding the errors in ABAP program and rectifying the error at run time is done using ABAP debugging. The ABAP debugger is the development workbench tool, which allows you stop a program during its execution when a particular condition is met.

subtotal field(A) in the pp contains the total value and this value is checked with the credit limit of the customer

Rebate: an incentive to be given to a customer. clubbed with qty purchased by a customer within the period specified (say one month)-conditional. Discount doesn’t depends upon the turnover it is fixed. and can only differ from customer to customer

Business Blueprint is a detailed documentation of the requirements gathered from client. it represents the business process requirements of the company. It is an agreed statement of how the company intends to run its business within SAP system.

Cutover strategy or cutover plan is the activity done in ASAP methodology, while transferring the data from the legacy system to the sap system. At this point of time the billing will be stopped, all the open orders, contracts, pricing data will be transferred as per the cutover plan which is provided by
the implementation partner. Whatever you want to do on the system u need to do before or after this activity.

 Depending up on TOR PGI takes place let me explain how it takes place when a requirement comes this has been transferred to MRP through TOR. Depending up on the availability of the material transfer of order takes place in which the requirement sits in the storage location from there picking and
packing process takes place and finally PGI activity takes place. In general, IN GENERAL TERMENOLOGY TOR IS THE ACTIVITY WHICH TAKES PLACE BEFORE CREATING A DELIVERY DOCUMENT AND PGI PROCESS TAKES PLACE AFTER CREATING A DELIVERY DOCUMENT.

Determination of the route is dependent on the following factors: (1) Departure Country and departure zone-it gets determined from shipping point. (2) Shipping Condition: -it is determined from sales doc. type or from SP (Customer master). (3) Transportation Group:- it is determined from Material
master. (4) transportation Zone: – ship -to -party. (5) Receiving country. (6) Weight group (optional).

Consumption-based planning is based on past consumption-values, statistical procedures for future requirements. It’s to avoid the shortfall in requirement determined from reorder point or forecast requirement. Difference between MRP and Consumption-based planning, MRP Planning based on gross requirement through the Bill of Materials, Consumption-based planning based on past consumption-values.

 (1) Sales Organization–> Plant Sales Organization is assigned to plant in combination with Distribution Channel. Relation: Many-Many. (2) sales Organization–> Company Code. Many-One. (3) Plant–>Company Code. Many-One.

An item category controls the overall behavior of an item. It determines whether the item is relevant for pricing or not, whether it is relevant for delivery or not, whether it is relevant for billing or not. It also determines whether it is a free item, text item and it also help to determine the sales document type.

 IT is used in the process whereby the business sells items to the customer. These items are packed into shipping units such as boxes and crates. Then the customer can keep the boxes and crates up to a certain period and then must return the item. Should the customer not have return the shipping
units within specified date or have been destroyed, then business may bill the customer for damaged goods. The stock we deliver as special packaging materials. We kept at customer site .It can viewed in “MMBE” with indicator “V” . Item category group is “VERP” . General item category is “LEIH”. “LAN” for returnable packaging pick up-(LA) “LNN” for returnable packaging issue-(LN) Material group =00804 “TAL” -item category for returnable packaging

1. Step by Step plan for implementing the SAP modules. 2. Procedures that have to be performed before a certain configuration can be made. 3. Documenting the SAP R/3 configuration methodology along with the reasons for configurations. 4. It forms the crux of business transactions in an SAP implementation, and how each one of the steps in various modules have been configured. 5. Finally, all configurations and their releases for a particular SAP R/3 implementation can be checked through the SAP IMG.

Backorder processing is functionality in SAP where you can change the commitments and override the blockage of stocks marked against sales documents/deliveries. For e.g. you receive an order from a very important customer for material “A” but the entire quantity of A is committed to another customer “B” via earlier sales orders and this is where BACKORDER processing helps you to change the commitment and shift stock due for B to A. This is the benefit of this functionality. T.C.: V_RA – Backorder Processing

In consignment process, we have 4 stages. First phase, company fill the goods at customer site, still it is the property of company, is called as Consignment fill up,(CF) When the customer consumes the material company issues the invoice is called as consignment issue (CI) If the customer finds that he got any material defective he returns is called as consignment return (CR) When customer requests the company to take back the material, which is not sold by the consumer, the company will pick this stock from the customer site is known as consignment pick up (cp)

A user exit is a place in a software program where a customer can arrange for their own tailormade program to be called. SAP creates user exits for specific programs, screens, and menus within standard R/3 applications. These exits do not contain any functionality. Instead, the customer exits act as hooks. You can hang your own add-on functionality onto these hooks

Tcode vk11 used for individual Maintenance of condition record and Tcode vk31 used for mass Maintenance of condition record

Determination of storage location depends upon the rule mentioned in the delivery type. There are basically three rules for determining storage location, out of which we basically use MAL rule:- MALA Rule:- (1)Shipping point. (2)Plant. (3)Storage Condition. Other rules are MARE and RETA ,which are used for trade scenarios.

ATP is know as available to promise quantities and it is Calculated as below. Ware house stock + planned receipts – Planned issues = ATP quantities. Ex1. 100 + 50 -75 = 75 is ATP Quantity Any remaining open quantity in the movement is regarded as the ATP quantity and can be used to fulfill the next Requirement. Ex2. 25 + 100 -150 = -25 ATP Quantity, In this case the system try to capture the stock from other inward movement and try and match the order quantity 150.and even this is not available and partially met then the system shows the negative ATP Quantities in the requirement line. During the availability check the system determines the ATP quantities for the material and the plant. The system behaves in performing the availability check based on how the availability check is set in customizing. This can be viewed in the sales order, over view screen procurement and you can see the confirmed quantity and ATP Quantity. Availability check: Stock checks which is automatically carried out after every goods movement and which should prevent the book inventory balance of physical stock (for example, available stock) from reaching zero. types of Availability checks 1. Against ATP 2. Against product allocation 3. Against planning. Availability check is based on checking group, Requirement class, and Requirement type and schedule line category.

Realization phase in which the system is configured ,knowledge transfer occurs ,extensive unit testing is completed, and data mapping and data requirements for migration are defined . The purpose of this phase is to implement the business process requirements based on business blueprint. The system configuration methodology is provided in two work packages :baseline(major scope) and final configuration (remaining scope).Other main focal area of this phase are conducting integration tests and drawing up end user documentation.

 when after we r creating the IDOC type it will show screen, there we can create the segments by right click. then one pop up window will display like which segment (Ex: SEG1) u need to add to the IDOC then add the one more segment (Ex:SEG2) to the IDOC . while add SEg2 to the IDOC , pop up will
display like segment name which u can add and there is the options like under which segment u need to create the segment here u can select SEG1. now SEG1 —-> parent segment SEG2 —-> child to the SEG1

we have to mark for partial delivery either in customer master or In customer-material info.

ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. – For creating a
ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.

the ownership of goods will be transferred with post goods issue and it updates the stock quantity in warehouse decreases the volume of stock and increase the goods sold.and also updates the postings to G.L.A/C

What are the Techniques in delivery scheduling? Backward scheduling & Forward Scheduling Backward scheduling: System calculates material availability date based on the Requested delivery date. based on the material available date. Forward Scheduling

RLT=The time taken by the material to be replenished For trading goods: ——————
RLT=plant delivery time+ goods receipt processing time For finished goods: ——————- RLT=Inhouse
production time

Shipping conditions are maintained in two places one is in customer master record under sales tab page in shipping screen and another is in sale document type. If u maintain in sale document type it overwrites the value maintained in customer-material info.

This is setup when business requires swapping of one material by the other material in a sales document. Example – When a product is under engineering change or there is a bug and you have another product, which is acceptable as replacement, then material determination can be used to set this scenario. Old product can be replaced by new product as per the launch date of the product. Material determination is also called as “Product selection” *It uses condition technique for material *Material determination procedure is based on the sales document type. With condition technique, criteria can be defined and condition records can be maintained. *Standard material determination procedure for order type OR is A00001. *Standard material determination condition type is A001 *With standard setup, condition record for swap materials is maintained for “material entered”. It means in standard SAP, material determination is triggered when material is entered in the sales order. *Additional criteria can be added by customizing condition type A001. *Material condition records are maintained in the main transaction menu in master data Swapping can be based on certain business conditions. These are called as Substitution reasons. For each substitution reason, you can define substitution strategy. *Substitution strategy controls *System will automatically replace product as per material determination record after carrying out availability check or can give list of substitute products for users to check and select or replace material without availability check. It can also control whether both substituted and substitute material can be displayed in the sales order or only substitute material is to be displayed in the sales order. *It controls printing of substituted or substitute material on output types like order confirmations. *In delivery, no material determination is carried out for items copied from the order. *Material determination in a delivery is carried out for new items if material determination has been activated for the corresponding sales document type

Listing is nothing but whatever material u assign to particular customer, then he can access those materials. But exclusion is nothing but excluding the Particular material to the customer, then customer cannot access those materials. For example-In pharmaceutical company, customer sometimes the customer may not have a license to sell certain product, then we can use this function. 2.Listing is suppose for a certain or group of customers u can assign materials only those can access. Exclusion is suppose u don’t want that certain materials certain customer should not access .So the particular customer can not purchase the same . Always exclusion is having higher priority than listing. In exclusion the system refuses the entered materials if it is maintained in exclusion record for specific customer but in case of material listing it accepts only allowed material which we maintained in listing record for specific customer .

we will combine multiple deliveries into one invoice, when the bill to party , payment terms and billing date is same. And also when billing date, that means billing is done only once in a month for that particular customer, then you combine all deliveries of that month create invoice